IP Subnet Calculator
Calculate subnet masks, network addresses, broadcast addresses, and host ranges for any IP address and CIDR notation.
Common CIDR Values
Network Address
192.168.1.0
Broadcast Address
192.168.1.255
Usable Host Range
First Host
192.168.1.1
Last Host
192.168.1.254
Usable Hosts
254
Total Addresses
256
Masks
IP Information
Binary Representation
Network Address
11000000.10101000.00000001.00000000Subnet Mask
11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000IP Addressing Basics
IP addresses consist of 32 bits divided into network and host portions. The subnet mask determines which bits identify the network vs. individual hosts. Understanding subnetting is essential for network design and troubleshooting.
Understanding CIDR Notation
CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing) notation uses a slash followed by a number (e.g., /24). This number indicates how many bits are used for the network portion. /24 means the first 24 bits are the network, leaving 8 bits (256 addresses) for hosts.
Private IP Ranges
Private IP addresses are reserved for internal networks: 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12, and 192.168.0.0/16. These aren't routable on the public internet. NAT (Network Address Translation) allows private IPs to access the internet through a public IP.